Drafting device.



PATENTED SEPT. 4,1906.

.A. H. A DREWS. DRAFTING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.31,1904.

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PATBNTED SEPTJI, 1906'.

H. ANDREWS. DRAFTING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED 13110.31, 1904.

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ARTHUR H. ANDREWS. OF BROOKLYN, N FNV YORK.

DRAFTING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1906.

Application filed December 31, 1904. Serial No. 239.208.

To'mZ/I 1071/0122 it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H.- ANDREWS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drafting Devices, of which the following is a specification.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a device for saving time and labor in drafting and which is also found useful for giving instructions in drawing.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the device provided with raised or embossed ridges in arallel lines and suitable for making sectionines or hatched work on tracing paper or cloth. Fig. 2 is a section taken diagonally through the card shown in F ig. 1, at right angles to the parallel ridges and on an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the end of the handle which engages the card. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a drawing-board having drawing-paper and tracing paper or cloth thereon and illustrating the manner of using the device shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are perspective views of cards having differentlyembossed surfaces suitable for representing various materials on the tracing paper or cloth. Fig. 9 is a side view of part of a pencil having a beveled lead suitable for rubbing over the tracing paper or cloth above the embossed parts of the card.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, of the drawings, A indicates a card or plate which may be of metal, fiber, wood, or any suitable material, but which is preferably made of stiff parchmentized paper or celluloid and is preferably translucent or transparent and somewhat flexible. On the upper surface of the card or plate shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are formed a series of parallel ridges a, preferably running at an angle of forty-five degrees to the edges of the plate, the plate in the drawings being rectangular. When the card or plate is made of parchmentized paper, cellu loid, or other thin sheet material which may be embossed, the ridges or raised portion a may be formed by embossing the card, so that it will present a corrugated surface having the ridges a of uniform height and uni form distances apart. Narrow slots a are cut in the card parallel with its edges and adj acent thereto, and these slots are adapted to receive the flat offset end I) of a handle B. This handle may be made of any suitable celluloid, or metal. IVhen the end 1) 1s 1nserted through one of the slots a, the shoulder 1/ extends vertically through the slot and the handle interlocks with the card, so that the card may be lifted or moved forward or backward by the handle. i

If desired, the handle may be attached permanently to the card but preferably it is removably connected, so that the card may be used without the handle, or the latter may be connected to the different edges of the card. J

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated the manner of using the card shown in Fig. 2 for rapidly forming section-lines upon tracing paper or cloth. In said figure, O indicates a drawingboard, D indicates a sheet of drawing-p aper, and E indicates a sheet of tracing paper or cloth held upon the drawing-paper by thumbtacks F in the usual manner. Upon the tracing paper or cloth a drawing G is shown, which has been traced through from the drawing paper with the exception of the part surrounding the circle 1 and within the lines 2, 3, 4, and 5, which part it is desired to show in section. Instead of drawing these sectionlines with a pen and ruler in the usual way the card or plate A, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 4, is inserted between the tracing paper or cloth and the drawing-paper by means of the handle B and located so that the corrugations or ridges on the card will be directly beneath the part on the tracing paper or cloth where it is desired to form the section-lines. This, as will be seen, is accomplished without necessitating the removal of the thumb-tacks F.

When the card is in position, an ordinary lead-pencil having a lead of medium softness is rubbed over the area on which it is desired to form the section-lines, and the lead-pencil lines are thus formed onthe tracing paper or cloth, following the lines of the ridges on the card. A lead-pencil L, Fig. 9, having a thick lead beveled at the end, as indicated by the reference-letter Z, to afford sufficient surface is found most convenient for this purpose. In Fig. 4 the full lines gin the upper left-hand portion of the area bounded by the rectangle 2 3 4 5 indicate lines formed by rubbing the pencil over the tracing paper or cloth while the remainder of the area is unfinished, the dotted lines indicating the ridges on the card beneath the tracing-paper. By rubbing the thin material, such as parchmentized paper,

pencil over the entire area to be sectioned lines 9 will be formed throughout the area on the tracing paper or cloth.

The cards are prepared in sets having embossed lines or portions to correspond with various conventional designs, symbols, or fillings employed in the draftsmans art to in dicate upon drawings sections, materials, colors, and the like. Thus in Fig. 5 the card-A has alternately continuous and broken embossed lines (1. and a representing the usual section-lines for a vitreous substance, such as glass. In Fig. 6 the card A has a series of parallel broken lines a representing cement. In Fig. 7 the card A has irregularly-embossed outlines a", which may represent earth or other material, and in Fig. 8 the card A has embossed lines a], running at right angles to one another and representing wire or cloth fabric. These cards are employed in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4, and the sets may include cards having embossed surfaces to represent a large variety of materials, colors, and sections.

For tracings where considerable section work is to be done and for rough worksuch as concrete, stone, earth, &c.-a great deal of time may be saved in the drafting-room by the use of these cards, which of course may be of any suitable size for the work. When cards of semitransparent parchmentized paper or cards of celluloid are used, the drawing beneath the card may be seen and omissions in the outline on the tracing supplied while the card is still in position.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A device for assisting in drafting comprising a thin hard card having embossed portions or areas of uniform height, which when the card is placed beneath tracing cloth or paper and the latter rubbed with a pencil, will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or ,filling used in the draftsmans art.

2. A device for assisting in drafting comprising a card of parchmentized paper having embossed portions or areas of uniform height, which when the card is placed beneath tracing cloth or paper and the latter rubbed with a pencil, will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or filling used in thedraftsmans art.

3. A device for assisting in drafting comprising a thin hard card having embossed portions or areas of uniform height, which when the card is placed beneath tracing cloth or paper and the latter rubbed with a pencil, will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or filling used in the draftsmans art to represent a color or substance.

4. A device for assisting in drafting comprising a thin hard ,card or plate having embossecI portions or areas of uniform height,

which when the card is placed beneath tracing cloth or paper and the latter rubbed with a pencil, will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or filling used in the draftsmans art to represent a substance.

5. A device for assisting in drafting comprising a thin hard card or plate-having embossed portions or areas of uniform height, which when the card is placed beneath tracing cloth or paper and the latter rubbed with a pencil will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or filling used in the draftsmans art, said device having one or more slots in its margin for the attachment of a handle.

6. A device for assisting in drafting comprisin a thin hard card or plate having embosse portions or areas of uniform height, which when the card is placed beneath tracing cloth or paper and the latter rubbed with a pencil, will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or filling used in the draftsmans art, said de vice having one or more slots in its margin for the attachment of a handle, and a handle having a flattened offset portion adapted to fit into said slots.

7. A drafting implement for engineers, architects, &c., comprising a series of thin hard cards or plates each having embossed portions or areas thereon, which when the card is placed beneath tracing-paper or tracingcloth and the latter rubbed with a pencil, will cause the production on the tracing cloth or paper of a conventional symbol or filling used in the draftsmans art, the various cards in the set being differently embossed, so as to produce different symbols or fillings.

In testimony whereof I afiiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR H. ANDREWS.

Witnesses:

LAURENCE J. CUBBERLY, J. BRADY. 

